Eczema is a chronic skin condition that causes the skin to become red, itchy, and inflamed. It is also known as atopic dermatitis. The exact cause of eczema is not known; however, it is believed to be linked to genetic and environmental factors.
Common symptoms of eczema include dry, scaly, and itchy skin. The skin may also be red, cracked, or thickened. In some cases, blisters may form.
A diagnosis of eczema is usually made based on a physical examination and patient history. Skin tests and blood tests may also be used to help diagnose eczema.
Treatment of eczema typically involves the use of moisturizers and topical corticosteroids. In some cases, antihistamines and phototherapy may be used. In severe cases, oral corticosteroids may be prescribed. It is important to keep the skin hydrated and to avoid irritants that can cause flare-ups.
Prevention:
- Avoid excessive bathing, use lukewarm water, and use mild soaps and cleansers
- Use a moisturizer regularly to help reduce skin dryness
- Wear soft, breathable fabrics and cotton gloves when washing dishes or doing other activities that involve contact with water
- Avoid harsh detergents, perfumes, and fabric softeners
- Avoid extreme temperatures and excessive sweating
- Keep stress levels low
- Avoid allergens such as pollen, pet dander, and dust mites
- Avoid contact with irritants such as wool, chemicals, or solvents
- Eat a healthy, balanced diet full of essential vitamins and minerals
